What is the difference between story and narrative?
Narrative theory:
Claude Levi Strauss-Binary Opposition-Good vs Evil
Todorov (1977)
A story is a series of events-plot. The narrative is the way it is communicated and the meaning behind it.
Narratology-To study a text through relative theory.
The product I am studying is the film ‘The Notebook’. The main plot is about a couple who fall in and out of love through the years despite parent disapproval and the war. Despite being in different locations there love never leaves.
Key Theory 1- Tim O’Sulivan et al (1998) All media texts tell us some kind of story. Through careful mediation, media texts offer a way of telling stories about ourselves (as a culture) these are ideologies. Ideologies are the beliefs and ideal values.
In my text the ideologies are that everyone should have one love that means more than everything else.
Key theory 2: Pam cook (1985)
The standered Hollywood structure should have
Linearity of cause and effect within an overall trajectory of enigma resolution.
A high degree of narrative closure
A fictional world that contains verisimilitude especially governed by spatial and temporal coherence.
Realism- verisimilitude
The enigma in my film is that the main character Noah goes off to war without telling Ali amidst an argument which means they’re split up. They then have the enigma of finding one another again after the war ends.
Key Theory 3- Tzvetan Todorov (1977)
Stage 1- A point of stable equilibrium
Stage 2- This stability is disrupted by some kind of force, which creates a state of disequilibrium
Stage 3- Action directed against against the disruption
Stage 4- Restoraton of a state of new equilibrium.
The couple are in love. They fall out because ali’s Family disapprove and then Noah has to go off to war. Years later when Noah returns from war he starts to make a house for Ali whilst she is is engaged. When she learns of this she leaves her finance for Noah and they die together.
Key Theory 4: Claude Levi-Strauss (1958)
Binary opposition
The binary oppositions in the film I am studying are rich vs poor because Ali is from a wealthy family whilst Noah is a working class boy.
Key Theory 5- Vladimir Prop (1928)
All narratives feature stock characters and that audiences understand stories because of such features:
Villain/antagonist
Hero/protagonist
Helper/supportor (sidekick)
Princess (the prize for the hero) not one that is rescued or saved.
Ali is the princess because she is the prize for Noah after he builds her a house.
Key theory 6: Roland Barthes (1977)
Narrative codes:
Enigma code work to keep up setting problems or puzzles for the audience.
Action codes work inform the audience in terms of what is happening in the next shot/scene.
Always a close up insert shot edit
The enigma code in the notebook
Wednesday 25 October 2017
Wednesday 11 October 2017
Shot Types
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| Medium close up-Draws attention to key character. Uses a narrow depth of field. |
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| Medium Long shot-Shows the character and their key props. |
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| Crowd Shot- To show the difference between different characters |
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| Extreme close up-Gives the upended key information about the narrative or story and helps them solve an enigma. Used to show fear. |
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| Wide shot/long shot-shows characters in key locations |
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| Close up-Draws attention to key character. Use a narrow depth of field |
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| Extreme long shot-Used to show a character in a location before an enigma |
Enabling shot-
Connotations of a low angle shot-
Strength
Power
Dominance
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| Two shot-Shows the relationship between two characters |
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| Low angle-Protagonist |
Dutch Angle/canted angle-
1-Unease
2-Disorientation
3-Add to the spectacle/action
Camera movement-How spectacle is created
Pan-left to right or right to left-sets the scene
Track-tracking movement/action
Tilt-Camera moves up or down-exaggerates movement and action
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Connotations of a high angle shot-Subordinate
Vulnerable
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Wednesday 4 October 2017
L02 test
One way that products are advertised to audience's in the digital age is via the web so for example social media such as Facebook which is below the line advertising because not everyone will see it. Another way that products are advertised is via the television. For example in between coronation street an advert for a cleaning product will be shown. This is above the line advertising because it is viewed by a mass audience.
One channel of distribution which is considered successful is the world wide web because in the digital age most people use the internet and most websites have pop up ads; especially on social media. Advertisements for clothing websites such as pretty little thing often pop up and are noticed by the person using the site which gains profit for the owners of the site. Another channel of distribution is through print adverts such as adverts on the sides of busses for upcoming films such as 'Everything everything'. This is viewed by a mass audience because a lot of people use public transport and even if they don't it will be seen in cars when travelling past or when walking to work. This makes the person want to view the film based on what they've seen. Another channel of distribution is the VOD which is where TV shows are shown and you can watch them at any time. This reaches a mass audience because the public have to pay to use these services. An example of this is Netflix or Now Tv. Furthermore, because people are choosing to watch particular shows it is successful.
One channel of distribution which is considered successful is the world wide web because in the digital age most people use the internet and most websites have pop up ads; especially on social media. Advertisements for clothing websites such as pretty little thing often pop up and are noticed by the person using the site which gains profit for the owners of the site. Another channel of distribution is through print adverts such as adverts on the sides of busses for upcoming films such as 'Everything everything'. This is viewed by a mass audience because a lot of people use public transport and even if they don't it will be seen in cars when travelling past or when walking to work. This makes the person want to view the film based on what they've seen. Another channel of distribution is the VOD which is where TV shows are shown and you can watch them at any time. This reaches a mass audience because the public have to pay to use these services. An example of this is Netflix or Now Tv. Furthermore, because people are choosing to watch particular shows it is successful.
PLL
Sub genre-Physcoloical, death, murder
Key theory:
Patrick Phillips (1996)
Barry Keith Grant-All genres have
subgenres.
Branston and Stafford (1999)-
Helps to minimise risk and predict expenditure
Blueprint to success
Genre conventions make it easier to market and sell products
Rick Altman (1999) genre offfers pleasures
- Emotional pleasure: Happy, sad, nostalgic ect
- Visceral Pleasure: Gut response-excitement, fear, laughter ect
- Intellectual Puzzles: Makees the audience think
David Bordwell-Any theme may appear in any genre.
Theme-The ideas, concepts and ideologies encoded into a media text...
Enigma-Problem
The genre of thriller and crime helps market the product because people know what to expect when
they’re watching the show and the genre of crime and thriller is popular. The marketing material such as social media pages helps to market the product. This product creates intellectual puzzles and visceral pleasures in the form of fear. I agree that any theme may appear in any genre because thrillers such as pll sill feature relationships and romance.
The purpose of camerawork:
Involve the audience in the scene or narrative
Create spectacle (narrative)
Close up-used to show emotion
- Humour
- Fire
- Casual clothes and makeup-denote average teenager
- school location and house location
- Game pieces-props
- Dark Hoodies
The dark hoodies and the fire reassure that the episode will be thriller based.
Genre
Macro ideas and elements are made ups of micro elements.
Codes and conventions-Things that make up a genre of a product. Genreric conventions-tropes
Mise en scene-Everything in the frame
Camerawork techniques
Editing techniques
Sound
Set in a range of locations-space-fear of the unknown
close ups of the faces-connote empathy for the character
props-planes
costume-space suits
colour-black
lighting-dark
voice over
fear
music-sad
gestures-putting outfit on
Fire
death
explosions
Technology-high tech
Codes and conventions-Things that make up a genre of a product. Genreric conventions-tropes
Mise en scene-Everything in the frame
Camerawork techniques
Editing techniques
Sound
Set in a range of locations-space-fear of the unknown
close ups of the faces-connote empathy for the character
props-planes
costume-space suits
colour-black
lighting-dark
voice over
fear
music-sad
gestures-putting outfit on
Fire
death
explosions
Technology-high tech
Key Words
Technological Convergence-The coming together of media technologies to provide new services for the audience. e.g. the creation of smartphone (apps, camera, microphone, bluetooth, touch screen)
Synergy-When a company cross promotes across different platforms to maximise success of a product.
Cross Media Ownership-When a media company owns a range of different sectors. For example Sony own music, phones, Video games.
Black Box Devices-Smartphone or Sky box. convergence culture-henry Jenkins 2006.
Technological convergence has changed advertising as products used to be advertised through the television and on posters only and now the internet and social media are used to advertise a product.
Above the line advertising-traditional or digital methods of advertising seen by Everyone.
TV adverts-Above the line advertising
Social Media-twitter, Instagram, Facebook -below the line advertising method
Billboard-Seen be everyone
Below the line advertising-Advertising that targets individuals only.
Synergy-When a company cross promotes across different platforms to maximise success of a product.
Cross Media Ownership-When a media company owns a range of different sectors. For example Sony own music, phones, Video games.
Black Box Devices-Smartphone or Sky box. convergence culture-henry Jenkins 2006.
Technological convergence has changed advertising as products used to be advertised through the television and on posters only and now the internet and social media are used to advertise a product.
Above the line advertising-traditional or digital methods of advertising seen by Everyone.
TV adverts-Above the line advertising
Social Media-twitter, Instagram, Facebook -below the line advertising method
Billboard-Seen be everyone
Below the line advertising-Advertising that targets individuals only.
Sunday 1 October 2017
Task 2
The digital media product I have chosen to analyse is the TV show Pretty Little Liars. Freeform, originally ABC family make the show who are a subsidiary of Walt Disney Company. They use horizontal integration to advertise their products through tv adverts, posters and merchandise such as lockets and cups. The traditional marketing they do is through Ident because they advertise their show on the TV and through billboards and posters for each new series. They sell their product directly to Freeform which is a short, traditional distribution method. They use social media the most to promote the show, with Pretty Little Liars having its own twitter and Facebook account run by the producer. They use this to do question and answer sessions with the public which helps engage the fans. Each character also has a Twitter account where fans can tell them their opinion on the show. Every week before a new episode on the Tuesday a trailer of the episode to come is put on YouTube which builds up suspense for the fans. This is the main method of new media distribution channels. YouTube, Facebook and twitter do this as part of a joint venture as they are not owned the Walt Disney Conglomerate. Across all media platforms the same logo is used to establish the brand and the main characters are always featured as this is what the audience know and they’re ideal selfs to younger viewers. The house style is always dark and suspicious which relates to the genre of a crime and thriller show.
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